Silk Road History Bibliography
Silk Road Research (Short) Bibliography with brief notes
Compiled from various sources
Note: There are many thousands of scholarly and entertainment books and articles from and about the Silk Road. The following is only a short and very incomplete list I have used and enjoyed for research and/or simple entertainment. This bibliography is a compilation of several others I made that are loosely grouped into classical, early modernist, and contemporary. I tried to include as many links as possible to locations where some of this material can be downloaded for free.
Compiled from various sources
Note: There are many thousands of scholarly and entertainment books and articles from and about the Silk Road. The following is only a short and very incomplete list I have used and enjoyed for research and/or simple entertainment. This bibliography is a compilation of several others I made that are loosely grouped into classical, early modernist, and contemporary. I tried to include as many links as possible to locations where some of this material can be downloaded for free.
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If I were just starting my Silk Road research I’d first read Peter Frankopan’s The Silk Roads, A New History of the World, and follow that with Peter Hopkirk’s Foreign Devils on the Silk Road. From there, the reader will have to follow his or her own interests, but at least a good foundation will have been laid. |
In regards to Silk Road Studies, the single best online resource appears to be: http://www.silkroadfoundation.org/toc/index.html organized by a private foundation in the San Francisco Bay area. A teacher wishing to prepare a Silk Road Studies curriculum for example would be wise to start here. http://www.silk-road.com is also one of their domains.
The following bibliography is far from complete...
Allen Jr, Thomas Gaskell & Sachtleben, William Lewis, Across Asia on a Bicycle – The Journey of Two American Students From Constantinople to Peking (1894), The Devinne Press, Project Gutenberg e-book https://www.gutenberg.org/ https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/31111
Ban Biao, Ban Gu, and Ban Zhao. China in Central Asia, The Early Stage, 125 B.C.-A.D. 23: An Annotated Translation of Chapters 61 and 96 of the History of the Former Han Dynasty. Trans. A.F.P. Hulsewe. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1979.
Asadov, Farda, Reinstatement of Long-Distance International Trade after the Arab Conquest: The Khazar-Arab Partnership on the Silk Road in the 9th-10th Centuries. Acta Via Serica, Dec. 2016: 33-50
Beckwith, Christopher, Empires of the Silk Road, A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present, Princeton University Press, 2009, Seventh Printing and First paperback, 2011 (With a focus on ethnolinguistics the author does a great job of debunking myths about Central Asian “barbarians,” but about two thirds of the way through the book he really beats on China a lot; a bit surprising given that he repeatedly acknowledges that empires grow by absorbing their neighbors, and any other competitors that threaten them. Certainly the European nations and Silk Road littoral states all contributed to the demise of the Central Asian Silk Road.
Benjamin, Craig, The Yuezhi - Origin, Migration and the Conquest of Northern Bactria, Turnhout, Brepols, 2007
Boulnois, Luce, Silk Road: Monks, Warriors & Merchants, Translated from French by Helen Loveday, English publication by Odyssey
Books, 2004 (Review of Silk Road history mainly focusing on commodities traded.)
Ban Biao, Ban Gu, and Ban Zhao. China in Central Asia, The Early Stage, 125 B.C.-A.D. 23: An Annotated Translation of Chapters 61 and 96 of the History of the Former Han Dynasty. Trans. A.F.P. Hulsewe. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1979.
Asadov, Farda, Reinstatement of Long-Distance International Trade after the Arab Conquest: The Khazar-Arab Partnership on the Silk Road in the 9th-10th Centuries. Acta Via Serica, Dec. 2016: 33-50
Beckwith, Christopher, Empires of the Silk Road, A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present, Princeton University Press, 2009, Seventh Printing and First paperback, 2011 (With a focus on ethnolinguistics the author does a great job of debunking myths about Central Asian “barbarians,” but about two thirds of the way through the book he really beats on China a lot; a bit surprising given that he repeatedly acknowledges that empires grow by absorbing their neighbors, and any other competitors that threaten them. Certainly the European nations and Silk Road littoral states all contributed to the demise of the Central Asian Silk Road.
Benjamin, Craig, The Yuezhi - Origin, Migration and the Conquest of Northern Bactria, Turnhout, Brepols, 2007
Boulnois, Luce, Silk Road: Monks, Warriors & Merchants, Translated from French by Helen Loveday, English publication by Odyssey
Books, 2004 (Review of Silk Road history mainly focusing on commodities traded.)
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Bower, Major-General Sir Hamilton, Diary of a Journey across Tibet, 1894, associated with The Bower Manuscript (5th Century medical text written by Buddhist monks) Free PDF English translation download from: https://ia800809.us.archive.org/29/items/TheBowerManuscript/TheBowerManuscript.pdf
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Bretschneider, E. (1833-1901), Mediaeval researches from eastern Asiatic sources : Fragments towards the knowledge of the geography and history of central and western Asia from the 13th to the 17th century, Routledge & Kegan Paul, Publishers, London 1967. (This is a large bibliography of classical texts.) Can be downloaded from: https://archive.org/details/mediaevalresearc02bretuoft (PDF, Torrent, etc.) Online Text file: https://archive.org/stream/mediaevalresearc02bretuoft/mediaevalresearc02bretuoft_djvu.txt
Cable, Mildred, Through Jade Gate and Central Asia, Houghton Mifflin, 1927
Cable, Mildred and French, Francesca, The Gobi Desert – Originally published in German. Authors were missionaries who described the Taklamakan/Gobi Deserts in often very poetic terms, and the casual damage by farmers they witnessed in progress not far from Bezeklik at the ancient walled city of Karakhoja, 1942
Cable, Mildred, A Desert Journal: Letters from Central Asia (1934) (with Evangeline and Francesca French)
Cable, Mildred, The Bazars of Tangut and the Trade-routes of Dzungaria, The Geographical Journal 84 (1). Wiley, Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers, 17–31. doi: 10.2307/1786829, 1934 http://www.jstor.org/stable/1786829
Cambridge.org, The Journal of Asian Studies, https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-asian-studie
Cable, Mildred and French, Francesca, The Gobi Desert – Originally published in German. Authors were missionaries who described the Taklamakan/Gobi Deserts in often very poetic terms, and the casual damage by farmers they witnessed in progress not far from Bezeklik at the ancient walled city of Karakhoja, 1942
Cable, Mildred, A Desert Journal: Letters from Central Asia (1934) (with Evangeline and Francesca French)
Cable, Mildred, The Bazars of Tangut and the Trade-routes of Dzungaria, The Geographical Journal 84 (1). Wiley, Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers, 17–31. doi: 10.2307/1786829, 1934 http://www.jstor.org/stable/1786829
Cambridge.org, The Journal of Asian Studies, https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-asian-studie
Central Asia-Caucasus Institute (1996) and the Silk Road Studies Program (2002) “The Center is independent and privately funded, and has offices in Washington, D.C., and Stockholm, Sweden. The Center is affiliated with the American Foreign Policy Council and with the Stockholm-based Institute for Security and Development Policy. They have offices in Washington DC and Stockholm.” (From their internet site) http://www.silkroadstudies.org/ Currently active, April, 2017
Cribb, Joe & Georgina Herrmann (Editors), After Alexander: Central Asia before Islam, NY, Oxford, 2007
Christian, David, A History of Russia, Central Asia, and Mongolia, Vol. 1, Blackwell Publishers, Malden, MA, 1998
Cribb, Joe & Georgina Herrmann (Editors), After Alexander: Central Asia before Islam, NY, Oxford, 2007
Christian, David, A History of Russia, Central Asia, and Mongolia, Vol. 1, Blackwell Publishers, Malden, MA, 1998
Columbia University, Links to online historic Silk Road maps
http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/silk_road.htm
http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/silk_road.htm
Di Cosmo, Nicola, Ancient China and Its Enemies - The Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History, Cambridge University Press, 2002
Eastwick, Edward B. The Gulistan; or, Rose-Garden, of Shekh Muslihu'd-din Sadi of Shiraz, Can download from: https://archive.org/details/TheGulistanOrRose-GardenOfShekhMuslihud-dinSadiOfShiraz-EdwardB.Eastwick
Fairley, Jean The Lion River “…a history of the exploration of the Indus river,”… Karakoram route, The John Day Company, NY 197
Eastwick, Edward B. The Gulistan; or, Rose-Garden, of Shekh Muslihu'd-din Sadi of Shiraz, Can download from: https://archive.org/details/TheGulistanOrRose-GardenOfShekhMuslihud-dinSadiOfShiraz-EdwardB.Eastwick
Fairley, Jean The Lion River “…a history of the exploration of the Indus river,”… Karakoram route, The John Day Company, NY 197
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Faxian, A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms - Being an Account by the Chinese Monk Fa-hien of his travels in India and Ceylon (A.D. 399-414) in search of the Buddhist books of discipline. Trans. James Legge. 1886;. New York: Paragon, 1965 https://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/texts/faxian.html |
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Fleming, Peter, News from Tartary: A Journey from Peking to Kashmir (1936) is a travel book describing his journey through time and the political situation of Turkestan
Forsyth, Sir Douglas, On the buried Cities in the Shifting Sands of the Great Desert of Gobi, Paper addressed to the Royal Geographical Society in London (1870-1873) Publ. 1876, Free download from: https://docs.com/AntonioTavares/1079/on-the-buried-cities-in-shifting-sands-of-great
Frankopan, Peter, The Silk Roads: A New History of the World, Alfred A. Knopf, Publisher, New York, 2016 (Highly recommended)
Golden, Peter B, Nomads and Sedentary Societies in Medieval Eurasia, Washington, D.C. American Historical Association, 1998
Grunwedel, Albert (Ethnological Museum in Berlin) Along the ancient silk routes: Central Asian art from the West Berlin State Museums; Catalog of an exhibition held April 3 – June 20, 1982, a 225 page document can be downloaded from: http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/33392/rec/2 Hopkirk’s book said about
Grunwedel: “His expedition reports made it clear that he condemned, and himself avoided the superficial examination of sites and the grabbing of conspicuous paintings and works of art. His aim was to approach each site scientifically a study it in its entirety…. He felt the removal of frescoes was nothing better than treasure-hunting and robbery.”
Hansen, Valerie, The Silk Roads: A New History, Oxford University Press, 2012 (Explores seven oasis along the Silk Road from Xian to Samarkand. Author is professor of history at Yale University)
Hedin, Sven Hedin, Through Asia, My Life as an Explorer, and other books (1865-1952) Swedish explorer, geographer, cartographer, one of the first Europeans to explore one of the lost cities of the Taklamakan, “Borasan,” later called “Yotkan” the region’s ancient capital west of Khotan – he also “collected numerous antiquities” later housed at the Sven Hedin Foundation in Stockholm. While traveling Hedin visited Constantinople, Caucasus, Tehran, Mesopotamia (Iraq), the Kyrgyz, India China, Asiatic Russia and Japan.
National Geographic has a site/project: http://svenhedin.com/ 1925, Asian Educational Services, Jan 1, 1996
Hirst, K. Kris Along the Silk Road – Archeology and History of Ancient Trade A growing mass of archaeological evidence suggests that the Silk Road may have been in use long before Zhang Qian's diplomatic journey. Silk has been found in the mummies of Egypt around 1000 BC, German graves dated to 700 BC, and 5th century Greek tombs. European, Persian and Central Asian goods have been found in the Japanese capital city of Nara, 2017 https://www.thoughtco.com/along-the-silk-road-167077
Hoernle, August Friedrich Rudolf, A Collection of Antiquities from Central Asia (1901, published in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, and other works)
Forsyth, Sir Douglas, On the buried Cities in the Shifting Sands of the Great Desert of Gobi, Paper addressed to the Royal Geographical Society in London (1870-1873) Publ. 1876, Free download from: https://docs.com/AntonioTavares/1079/on-the-buried-cities-in-shifting-sands-of-great
Frankopan, Peter, The Silk Roads: A New History of the World, Alfred A. Knopf, Publisher, New York, 2016 (Highly recommended)
Golden, Peter B, Nomads and Sedentary Societies in Medieval Eurasia, Washington, D.C. American Historical Association, 1998
Grunwedel, Albert (Ethnological Museum in Berlin) Along the ancient silk routes: Central Asian art from the West Berlin State Museums; Catalog of an exhibition held April 3 – June 20, 1982, a 225 page document can be downloaded from: http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/33392/rec/2 Hopkirk’s book said about
Grunwedel: “His expedition reports made it clear that he condemned, and himself avoided the superficial examination of sites and the grabbing of conspicuous paintings and works of art. His aim was to approach each site scientifically a study it in its entirety…. He felt the removal of frescoes was nothing better than treasure-hunting and robbery.”
Hansen, Valerie, The Silk Roads: A New History, Oxford University Press, 2012 (Explores seven oasis along the Silk Road from Xian to Samarkand. Author is professor of history at Yale University)
Hedin, Sven Hedin, Through Asia, My Life as an Explorer, and other books (1865-1952) Swedish explorer, geographer, cartographer, one of the first Europeans to explore one of the lost cities of the Taklamakan, “Borasan,” later called “Yotkan” the region’s ancient capital west of Khotan – he also “collected numerous antiquities” later housed at the Sven Hedin Foundation in Stockholm. While traveling Hedin visited Constantinople, Caucasus, Tehran, Mesopotamia (Iraq), the Kyrgyz, India China, Asiatic Russia and Japan.
National Geographic has a site/project: http://svenhedin.com/ 1925, Asian Educational Services, Jan 1, 1996
Hirst, K. Kris Along the Silk Road – Archeology and History of Ancient Trade A growing mass of archaeological evidence suggests that the Silk Road may have been in use long before Zhang Qian's diplomatic journey. Silk has been found in the mummies of Egypt around 1000 BC, German graves dated to 700 BC, and 5th century Greek tombs. European, Persian and Central Asian goods have been found in the Japanese capital city of Nara, 2017 https://www.thoughtco.com/along-the-silk-road-167077
Hoernle, August Friedrich Rudolf, A Collection of Antiquities from Central Asia (1901, published in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, and other works)
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Hopkirk, Peter, Foreign Devils on the Silk Road – The search for the Lost Treasures of Central Asia John Murray Publishers, 1980, paperback edition 2016 (Excellent review of the Silk Road foreign explorers and in most cases plunderers during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.) |
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Handmade oil painting reproduction of Ibn Battuta in Egypt a painting by Hippolyte Leon Benett.
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Ibn Batuta - The Travels of Ibn Batuta English translation by: The Rev. Samuel Ler, Rd Can download from: https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_22IbAQAAMAAJ https://school.bighistoryproject.com/media/khan/articles/U8_Battuta_2014_740L.pdf https://ils.unc.edu/dpr/path/ibnbatuta/travelse1.html |
Institute for Security & Development Policies has a number of publications focusing on Asia and the Silk Road http://isdp.eu/publications/
Institute of Silk Road Studies, Silk Road Art and Archaeology: Journal of the Institute of Silk Road Studies, Kamakura, Volume 10, 2004 The Hirayama Ikuo Silk Road Museum Foundation
International Dunhuang Project (IDP): Very large well organized database on manuscripts and art from Dunhuang in Gansu Province, formerly one of the richest depositories of Silk Road artifacts. Has links to many online resources. http://idp.bl.uk/idp.a4d IDP A ground-breaking international collaboration to make information and images of all manuscripts, paintings, textiles and artefacts from Dunhuang and archaeological sites of the Eastern Silk Road freely available on the Internet and to encourage their use through educational and research programs. IDP partner institutions which both provide data for and act as hosts to the multilingual website and database are: The British Library, London IDP Directorate (English Version), The National Library of China, Beijing (Chinese version), The Institute for Oriental Manuscripts, St Petersburg (Russian version), Ryukoku University, Kyoto (Japanese version), The Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Science and Humanities (German version), The Dunhuang Academy, Dunhuang (Chinese version), Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris (French version), Research Institute of Korean Studies, Seoul (Korean version)
Juliano, Annette L. and Judith A. Lerner, (Editors) Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China Gansu and Ningxia 4th-7th Century, New York: Harry N. Abrams and Asia Society, 2001
Juliano, Annette L. and Judith A. Lerner, (Editors) Nomads, Traders and Holy Men along China's Silk Road, Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2003
Kipling, Rudyard, Kim – A (rather famous) novel, iconography of India, art of Buddhist Central Asia, 1901 https://www.gutenberg.org/files/2226/2226-h/2226-h.htm
Lee, Rev. Samuel (Translator) The Travels of Ibn Batuta 1325-1354 (PDF - 55 pages), Also available online at: http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/1354-ibnbattuta.asp
Li Chi Ch’ang, The Travels of Ch’ang Ch’un to the West, 1220-1223 recorded by his disciple Li Chi Ch’ang, Translated by E. Bretschneider (1888) https://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/texts/changchun.html
Li Rongxi (Translator), The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions (W.M. Keck Foundation Series), 2006 http://www.bdkamerica.org/system/files/pdf/dBET_T2087_GreatTangRecordofWesternRegions_1996.pdf
Lieu, Samuel N. C. & Mikkelsen, Gunner, (Editors) Between Rome and China: History, Religions and Material Culture of the Silk Road (Silk Road Studies, Vol. 18) Brepols Publishers, 2016
Mackerras, Colin (Editor and Translator) The Uighur Empire According to the T’ang Dynastic Histories: A Study in Sino-Uighur Relations, 744-840, 2nd ed. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1972
Mair, Victor H. The Bronze Age and Early Iron Age Peoples of Eastern Central Asia, 2 vols. Washington, D.C. Institute for the Study of Man and University of Pennsylvania Museum Publications, 1998
Mallory, J.P. and Victor H. Mair, The Tarim Mummies - Ancient China and the Mystery of the Earliest Peoples from the West, Thames & Hudson, New York, 2000
Mannerheim, Baron Carl Gustaf, (Finnish/Russian) On July 6, 1906, Baron Gustaf Mannerheim boarded the midnight train from St. Petersburg, charged by Czar Nicholas II to secretly collect intelligence on the Qing Dynasty’s sweeping reforms that were radically transforming China. The last czarist agent in the so-called Great Game, Mannerheim chronicled almost every facet of China’s modernization… Story told in the book: The horse that leaps through clouds: a tale of espionage, the Silk Road, and the rise of modern China, by Eric Enno Tamm, Paperback edition 2012 http://horsethatleaps.com/category/mannerheim/
Meignan, Victor, From Paris to Pekin over Siberian Snows by Victor Meignan, 1885
Meyer, Karl E. and Brysac, Shareen Blair, The China Collectors: America's Century-Long Hunt for Asian Art Treasures Hardcover – March 10, 2015 (See Langdon Warner)
Millward, James, Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang, Columbia University Press, NY 2007
Murray, J. The Pamirs Being a Narrative of a Year's Expedition on Horseback and on Foot through Kashmir, Western Tibet, Chinese Tartary and Russian Central Asia (1894) PDF can be downloaded from google books
Ning Qiang, Art, Religion, and Politics in Medieval China - The Dunhuang Cave of the Zhai Family, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 2004
Otani, Count Ōtani Kōzui, was the 22nd Abbot of the Nishi Honganji sub-sect of Jōdo Shinshū Buddhism in Kyoto, Japan. He is known for expeditions to Buddhist sites in Central Asia. (1902-1910) Central Asian Objects Brought Back by the Otani Mission Illustrated catalogues of Tokyo National Museum. Tokyo National Museum, Publisher, 1971.
Pelliot, Paul, Carnets de route 1906-1908, (French) Publ. 2008 http://idpuk.blogspot.hk/2016/02/paul-pelliot-diaries-of-french-explorer.html
Institute of Silk Road Studies, Silk Road Art and Archaeology: Journal of the Institute of Silk Road Studies, Kamakura, Volume 10, 2004 The Hirayama Ikuo Silk Road Museum Foundation
International Dunhuang Project (IDP): Very large well organized database on manuscripts and art from Dunhuang in Gansu Province, formerly one of the richest depositories of Silk Road artifacts. Has links to many online resources. http://idp.bl.uk/idp.a4d IDP A ground-breaking international collaboration to make information and images of all manuscripts, paintings, textiles and artefacts from Dunhuang and archaeological sites of the Eastern Silk Road freely available on the Internet and to encourage their use through educational and research programs. IDP partner institutions which both provide data for and act as hosts to the multilingual website and database are: The British Library, London IDP Directorate (English Version), The National Library of China, Beijing (Chinese version), The Institute for Oriental Manuscripts, St Petersburg (Russian version), Ryukoku University, Kyoto (Japanese version), The Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Science and Humanities (German version), The Dunhuang Academy, Dunhuang (Chinese version), Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris (French version), Research Institute of Korean Studies, Seoul (Korean version)
Juliano, Annette L. and Judith A. Lerner, (Editors) Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China Gansu and Ningxia 4th-7th Century, New York: Harry N. Abrams and Asia Society, 2001
Juliano, Annette L. and Judith A. Lerner, (Editors) Nomads, Traders and Holy Men along China's Silk Road, Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2003
Kipling, Rudyard, Kim – A (rather famous) novel, iconography of India, art of Buddhist Central Asia, 1901 https://www.gutenberg.org/files/2226/2226-h/2226-h.htm
Lee, Rev. Samuel (Translator) The Travels of Ibn Batuta 1325-1354 (PDF - 55 pages), Also available online at: http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/1354-ibnbattuta.asp
Li Chi Ch’ang, The Travels of Ch’ang Ch’un to the West, 1220-1223 recorded by his disciple Li Chi Ch’ang, Translated by E. Bretschneider (1888) https://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/texts/changchun.html
Li Rongxi (Translator), The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions (W.M. Keck Foundation Series), 2006 http://www.bdkamerica.org/system/files/pdf/dBET_T2087_GreatTangRecordofWesternRegions_1996.pdf
Lieu, Samuel N. C. & Mikkelsen, Gunner, (Editors) Between Rome and China: History, Religions and Material Culture of the Silk Road (Silk Road Studies, Vol. 18) Brepols Publishers, 2016
Mackerras, Colin (Editor and Translator) The Uighur Empire According to the T’ang Dynastic Histories: A Study in Sino-Uighur Relations, 744-840, 2nd ed. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1972
Mair, Victor H. The Bronze Age and Early Iron Age Peoples of Eastern Central Asia, 2 vols. Washington, D.C. Institute for the Study of Man and University of Pennsylvania Museum Publications, 1998
Mallory, J.P. and Victor H. Mair, The Tarim Mummies - Ancient China and the Mystery of the Earliest Peoples from the West, Thames & Hudson, New York, 2000
Mannerheim, Baron Carl Gustaf, (Finnish/Russian) On July 6, 1906, Baron Gustaf Mannerheim boarded the midnight train from St. Petersburg, charged by Czar Nicholas II to secretly collect intelligence on the Qing Dynasty’s sweeping reforms that were radically transforming China. The last czarist agent in the so-called Great Game, Mannerheim chronicled almost every facet of China’s modernization… Story told in the book: The horse that leaps through clouds: a tale of espionage, the Silk Road, and the rise of modern China, by Eric Enno Tamm, Paperback edition 2012 http://horsethatleaps.com/category/mannerheim/
Meignan, Victor, From Paris to Pekin over Siberian Snows by Victor Meignan, 1885
Meyer, Karl E. and Brysac, Shareen Blair, The China Collectors: America's Century-Long Hunt for Asian Art Treasures Hardcover – March 10, 2015 (See Langdon Warner)
Millward, James, Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang, Columbia University Press, NY 2007
Murray, J. The Pamirs Being a Narrative of a Year's Expedition on Horseback and on Foot through Kashmir, Western Tibet, Chinese Tartary and Russian Central Asia (1894) PDF can be downloaded from google books
Ning Qiang, Art, Religion, and Politics in Medieval China - The Dunhuang Cave of the Zhai Family, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 2004
Otani, Count Ōtani Kōzui, was the 22nd Abbot of the Nishi Honganji sub-sect of Jōdo Shinshū Buddhism in Kyoto, Japan. He is known for expeditions to Buddhist sites in Central Asia. (1902-1910) Central Asian Objects Brought Back by the Otani Mission Illustrated catalogues of Tokyo National Museum. Tokyo National Museum, Publisher, 1971.
Pelliot, Paul, Carnets de route 1906-1908, (French) Publ. 2008 http://idpuk.blogspot.hk/2016/02/paul-pelliot-diaries-of-french-explorer.html
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Polo, Marco and Rustichello, The Travels of Marco Polo Volume 1 by Marco Polo and Rustichello of Pisa, Project Gutenberg e-book, www.gutenberg.net Polo, Marco and Rustichello, The Travels of Marco Polo, Volume 2, by Marco Polo and Rustichello of Pisa, et al, Edited by Henry Yule and Henri Cordier www.gutenberg.net |
Emilie Savage-Smith, New Evidence for the Frankish Study of Arabic Medical Texts in the Crusader Period, Published on www.academia.edu “There is also persuasive evidence that Abû Sahl was the teacher of Ibn Sînâ for medicine. For our purposes, however, what is particularly pertinent is the fact that this treatise by Abû Sahl al-Masîþî was much used and recommended by twelfth- and thirteenth-century physicians in Syria and was generally considered to be the best Arabic medical encyclopedia to be composed by a Christian physician.”
Schafer, Edward H, The Golden Peaches of Samarkand: A Study of T’ang Exotics, University of California Press, Berkeley, 1963
Sima Qian, Records of the Grand Historian of China, Translated from the Shih chi of Ssu-ma Ch’ien, Burton Watson Trans.. NY: Columbia University Press, 1961. vol. 2
Sims-Williams (Trans.) The Sogdian Ancient Letters, available at: http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/texts/sogdlet.html
Sinor, Denis, (Ed) Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia, Cambridge - Cambridge University Press, 1990
Skrine, Sir Clarmont, Chinese Central Asia (He was the British Consul-General at Kashgar in the 1920s) Publ. 1926
So, Jenny F. and Emma C. Bunker, (Editors) Traders and Raiders on China's Northern Frontier, University of Washington Press, Seattle, 1995
Stein, Aurel, Sand-buried ruins of Khotan: personal narrative of a journey of archaeological & geographical exploration in Chinese Turkestan (1903), Ancient Khotan: Detailed Report of Archaeological Explorations in Chinese Turkestan (1907)*, Ruins of Desert Cathay: Personal Narrative of Explorations in Central Asia and Westernmost China, Volume 1, (1912), On ancient Central-Asian tracks brief narrative of three expeditions in innermost Asia and northwestern China,1964, Pantheon Books in New York & numerous other publications. (Stein was…“Unquestionably regarded as the most villainous of the foreign archeologists, followed closely by Professor Pelliot of France for their removal of the so-called ‘secret’ library from the Caves of the Thousand Buddhas at Tun-huang…” (Dunhuang) (Quoted from P. 6 of Foreign Devils on the Silk Road by Peter Hopkirk) See: http://idp.bl.uk/pages/collections_en.a4d for more on the Stein Collection housed primarily in the British museum. Some of it is now online and can be found on the British Museum website. http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/search.aspx
Tachibana, see Otani, Count Kuzui
Tamm, Eric Enno, The horse that leaps through clouds: a tale of espionage, the Silk Road, and the rise of modern China, The story of
Baron Carl Gustaf Mannerheim’s expedition in Central Asia, Paperback edition 2012 http://horsethatleaps.com/category/mannerheim/
Thubron, Colin, Shadow of the Silk Road, Harper Perennial, NY, London, 2006
Tongerloo, A. Van (General Ed.) Silk Road Studies (Series), Brepols Publishers http://www.brepols.net/Pages/BrowseBySeries.aspx?TreeSeries=SRS
Tripiṭaka series (Buddhist teachings), and some histories, large free download site for English translations: http://www.bdkamerica.org/bdk-tripitaka-digital-downloads
Tucker, Jonathan The Silk Road – China and the Karakorum Highway, A Travel Companion, I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd. London, New York, 2015
Tucker, Jonathan, The Silk Road – Central Asia, Afghanistan and Iran – A travel Companion, I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd. London, New York
Vainker, Shelagh, Chinese Silk - A Cultural History, British Museum Press and Rutgers University Press, 2004
Vaillant, Dr. Louis – See Pelliot, Dr. Vaillant was the army medical officer responsible for mapping, collecting natural history specimens and other scientific work, 1908
Vaissiere, (de la) Etienne de, Sogdian Traders: A History, James Ward (Trans.), Brill, Leiden, 2005
Vogel, Hans Ulrich, Marco Polo Was in China: New Evidence from Currencies, Salts and Revenues, Leiden: Brill, 2012
Von Le Coq, Albert, Buried Treasures of Chinese Turkestan (first published 1928) During the early decades of the 20th Century a handful of foreign explorers raced to remove wall-paintings, sculptures, manuscripts and other treasures from the lost cities of the Silk Road, the great trans-Asian highway that had once linked imperial China and distant Rome. The German archaeologist, Albert
von Le Coq--one of the most successful of these explorers--discovered the huge, ninth-century Buddhist murals from the cliff-face monastery at Bezeklik. Published by Oxford University Press, China, 1985, ISBN 10: 0195838785 ISBN 13: 9780195838787 Berlin Ethnological Museum http://www.smb.museum/en/home.html
Waley, Arthur, Ballads and Stories from Tun-Huang Hardcover – December, 1960, (Translated from manuscripts purloined by Stein.)
Warner, Langdon, The long old road in China, Hardcover – 1926, Langdon Warner of the Fogg Museum at Harvard, (associated with Horace Jayne of the Museum of Pennsylvania). He is liberally referenced in the book: The China Collectors: America's Century-Long Hunt for Asian Art Treasures Hardcover – March 10, 2015 by Karl E. Meyer and Shareen Blair Brysac. He also visited Samarkand and Bukhara.
Waugh, Daniel C. Silk Roads in History, refers to Horace Jayne, Museum of Pennsylvania (associated with Warner Langdon). https://www.penn.museum/documents/publications/expedition/PDFs/52-3/waugh.pdf 2011
Reconfiguring the Silk Road, New Research on East-West Exchange in Antiquity
http://www.silk-road.com/newsletter/vol12/Waugh_reviews_SR12_2014_pp164_181.pdf
Wooley, Sir Charles, (17 April 1880 – 20 February 1960) Ur of the Chaldees, Ernest Benn Limited 1929, Penguin Books 1938, revised 1950, 1952, Excavations at Ur: A Record of 12 Years’ Work 1954, also see “Leonard Woolley Expedition to Italy," University of Pennsylvania Libraries, 2016 https://msu-anthropology.github.io/deoa-ss16/woolley/woolley.html Sir Wooley was a British archaeologist best known for his excavations at Ur in Mesopotamia (present day Iraq). “He is recognized as one of the first archaeologists to excavate methodically, and utilize records to reconstruct ancient life.” (From p. 165, Foreign Devils on the Silk Road) http://www.ur-online.org/personorg/10/
Wriggins, Sally Hovey, The Silk Road Journey with Xuanzang tells the story of seventh-century Chinese monk Xuanzang on his sixteen year epic journey to India and back. Westview Press, Perseus Books Group, 2004
Younghusband, Sir Francis, The Heart of a Continent, (First “digger” to visit Chinese Turkestan, “though he did not attempt it himself,” … an account of his race across China with Colonel Bell in 1887) First published 1904, reprint, Asian Educational Services, 1993, Among the celestials. A narrative of travels in Manchuria across the Gobi desert, through the Himalayas to India, Abridged from "The heart of a continent," https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo1.ark:/13960/t3qv43g8n
∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞
Other Silk Road Bibliographies include:
Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silk_Road_Studies?page=3
Encyclopedia Iranica http://www.iranicaonline.org/ This is an invaluable research tool for Central Asian Studies
HIEA 126 The Silk Road in Chinese and Japanese History: Guides & Bibliographies (U.C San Diego) http://ucsd.libguides.com/c.php?g=90951&p=585854
http://ucsd.libguides.com/c.php?g=90951&p=585551
Islam on the Silk Road: https://silkroadreligion.wordpress.com/2016/02/04/islam-on-the-silk-road-bibliography/
Oxford Bibliography
http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195393521/obo-9780195393521-0045.xml
Silk Road Foundation http://www.silkroadfoundation.org/toc/index.html http://www.silk-road.com/artl/srtravelbib.html#tib http://www.silkroadfoundation.org/newsletter/december/pre-islamic.htm
http://www.silkroadfoundation.org/newsletter/vol3num1/6_turkistan.php
UNESCO, Integral Study of the Silk Road: Roads of Dialogue, Vol. 1 Land Routes, 1990-1992, Exchanges between East and West before the Tenth Century http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001219/121913eo.pdf
More extensive bibliographies can be composed from various books cited above, for example references from the Notes of Peter Frankopan’s, The Silk Roads: A New History of the World, and those from Beckwith, Christopher, Empires of the Silk Road, A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present are quite extensive. The cumulative references from all the above listed texts will exceed several thousand publications. The Silk Road is, and always has been a favorite research area for archeologists, historians, linguists, economists, artists, and just about anyone else with even a little imagination.
Silk Road bibliographies of classic texts from several hundred languages could be compiled from the three main language trees, Indo-European languages (e.g. English, Spanish, Russian, Hindi), Sino-Tibetan (with Mandarin as the largest living descendant), and Afro-Asiatic languages (e.g. Arabic), including of course Aramaic, Bactrian, Kalmyk, the extinct Hittite language of Nesa, “Persian” language families (native Iranian Persian speakers call it Farsi), Sanskrit, Turkic languages (including Turkish, Azeri, Uzbek, Uyghur, Turkmen, Tartar, Kyrgyz, Qashqai, Bashkir, Chuvash, Afshar…) and so on… The Turkic language family alone includes some 35 living languages with hundreds of extinct dialects.
Though the short bibliography above is only a tiny fraction of the Silk Road literature out there, I think it’s one of the more useful and entertaining collections.
As my research expands I hope to keep the above bibliography growing. If any readers of this document should know of a particularly excellent Silk Road history, biography of a Silk Road character, or even a good Silk Road novel, please let me know.
G. Brundage
April 10, 2017
Beijing
Schafer, Edward H, The Golden Peaches of Samarkand: A Study of T’ang Exotics, University of California Press, Berkeley, 1963
Sima Qian, Records of the Grand Historian of China, Translated from the Shih chi of Ssu-ma Ch’ien, Burton Watson Trans.. NY: Columbia University Press, 1961. vol. 2
Sims-Williams (Trans.) The Sogdian Ancient Letters, available at: http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/texts/sogdlet.html
Sinor, Denis, (Ed) Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia, Cambridge - Cambridge University Press, 1990
Skrine, Sir Clarmont, Chinese Central Asia (He was the British Consul-General at Kashgar in the 1920s) Publ. 1926
So, Jenny F. and Emma C. Bunker, (Editors) Traders and Raiders on China's Northern Frontier, University of Washington Press, Seattle, 1995
Stein, Aurel, Sand-buried ruins of Khotan: personal narrative of a journey of archaeological & geographical exploration in Chinese Turkestan (1903), Ancient Khotan: Detailed Report of Archaeological Explorations in Chinese Turkestan (1907)*, Ruins of Desert Cathay: Personal Narrative of Explorations in Central Asia and Westernmost China, Volume 1, (1912), On ancient Central-Asian tracks brief narrative of three expeditions in innermost Asia and northwestern China,1964, Pantheon Books in New York & numerous other publications. (Stein was…“Unquestionably regarded as the most villainous of the foreign archeologists, followed closely by Professor Pelliot of France for their removal of the so-called ‘secret’ library from the Caves of the Thousand Buddhas at Tun-huang…” (Dunhuang) (Quoted from P. 6 of Foreign Devils on the Silk Road by Peter Hopkirk) See: http://idp.bl.uk/pages/collections_en.a4d for more on the Stein Collection housed primarily in the British museum. Some of it is now online and can be found on the British Museum website. http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/search.aspx
Tachibana, see Otani, Count Kuzui
Tamm, Eric Enno, The horse that leaps through clouds: a tale of espionage, the Silk Road, and the rise of modern China, The story of
Baron Carl Gustaf Mannerheim’s expedition in Central Asia, Paperback edition 2012 http://horsethatleaps.com/category/mannerheim/
Thubron, Colin, Shadow of the Silk Road, Harper Perennial, NY, London, 2006
Tongerloo, A. Van (General Ed.) Silk Road Studies (Series), Brepols Publishers http://www.brepols.net/Pages/BrowseBySeries.aspx?TreeSeries=SRS
Tripiṭaka series (Buddhist teachings), and some histories, large free download site for English translations: http://www.bdkamerica.org/bdk-tripitaka-digital-downloads
Tucker, Jonathan The Silk Road – China and the Karakorum Highway, A Travel Companion, I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd. London, New York, 2015
Tucker, Jonathan, The Silk Road – Central Asia, Afghanistan and Iran – A travel Companion, I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd. London, New York
Vainker, Shelagh, Chinese Silk - A Cultural History, British Museum Press and Rutgers University Press, 2004
Vaillant, Dr. Louis – See Pelliot, Dr. Vaillant was the army medical officer responsible for mapping, collecting natural history specimens and other scientific work, 1908
Vaissiere, (de la) Etienne de, Sogdian Traders: A History, James Ward (Trans.), Brill, Leiden, 2005
Vogel, Hans Ulrich, Marco Polo Was in China: New Evidence from Currencies, Salts and Revenues, Leiden: Brill, 2012
Von Le Coq, Albert, Buried Treasures of Chinese Turkestan (first published 1928) During the early decades of the 20th Century a handful of foreign explorers raced to remove wall-paintings, sculptures, manuscripts and other treasures from the lost cities of the Silk Road, the great trans-Asian highway that had once linked imperial China and distant Rome. The German archaeologist, Albert
von Le Coq--one of the most successful of these explorers--discovered the huge, ninth-century Buddhist murals from the cliff-face monastery at Bezeklik. Published by Oxford University Press, China, 1985, ISBN 10: 0195838785 ISBN 13: 9780195838787 Berlin Ethnological Museum http://www.smb.museum/en/home.html
Waley, Arthur, Ballads and Stories from Tun-Huang Hardcover – December, 1960, (Translated from manuscripts purloined by Stein.)
Warner, Langdon, The long old road in China, Hardcover – 1926, Langdon Warner of the Fogg Museum at Harvard, (associated with Horace Jayne of the Museum of Pennsylvania). He is liberally referenced in the book: The China Collectors: America's Century-Long Hunt for Asian Art Treasures Hardcover – March 10, 2015 by Karl E. Meyer and Shareen Blair Brysac. He also visited Samarkand and Bukhara.
Waugh, Daniel C. Silk Roads in History, refers to Horace Jayne, Museum of Pennsylvania (associated with Warner Langdon). https://www.penn.museum/documents/publications/expedition/PDFs/52-3/waugh.pdf 2011
Reconfiguring the Silk Road, New Research on East-West Exchange in Antiquity
http://www.silk-road.com/newsletter/vol12/Waugh_reviews_SR12_2014_pp164_181.pdf
Wooley, Sir Charles, (17 April 1880 – 20 February 1960) Ur of the Chaldees, Ernest Benn Limited 1929, Penguin Books 1938, revised 1950, 1952, Excavations at Ur: A Record of 12 Years’ Work 1954, also see “Leonard Woolley Expedition to Italy," University of Pennsylvania Libraries, 2016 https://msu-anthropology.github.io/deoa-ss16/woolley/woolley.html Sir Wooley was a British archaeologist best known for his excavations at Ur in Mesopotamia (present day Iraq). “He is recognized as one of the first archaeologists to excavate methodically, and utilize records to reconstruct ancient life.” (From p. 165, Foreign Devils on the Silk Road) http://www.ur-online.org/personorg/10/
Wriggins, Sally Hovey, The Silk Road Journey with Xuanzang tells the story of seventh-century Chinese monk Xuanzang on his sixteen year epic journey to India and back. Westview Press, Perseus Books Group, 2004
Younghusband, Sir Francis, The Heart of a Continent, (First “digger” to visit Chinese Turkestan, “though he did not attempt it himself,” … an account of his race across China with Colonel Bell in 1887) First published 1904, reprint, Asian Educational Services, 1993, Among the celestials. A narrative of travels in Manchuria across the Gobi desert, through the Himalayas to India, Abridged from "The heart of a continent," https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo1.ark:/13960/t3qv43g8n
∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞
Other Silk Road Bibliographies include:
Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silk_Road_Studies?page=3
Encyclopedia Iranica http://www.iranicaonline.org/ This is an invaluable research tool for Central Asian Studies
HIEA 126 The Silk Road in Chinese and Japanese History: Guides & Bibliographies (U.C San Diego) http://ucsd.libguides.com/c.php?g=90951&p=585854
http://ucsd.libguides.com/c.php?g=90951&p=585551
Islam on the Silk Road: https://silkroadreligion.wordpress.com/2016/02/04/islam-on-the-silk-road-bibliography/
Oxford Bibliography
http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195393521/obo-9780195393521-0045.xml
Silk Road Foundation http://www.silkroadfoundation.org/toc/index.html http://www.silk-road.com/artl/srtravelbib.html#tib http://www.silkroadfoundation.org/newsletter/december/pre-islamic.htm
http://www.silkroadfoundation.org/newsletter/vol3num1/6_turkistan.php
UNESCO, Integral Study of the Silk Road: Roads of Dialogue, Vol. 1 Land Routes, 1990-1992, Exchanges between East and West before the Tenth Century http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001219/121913eo.pdf
More extensive bibliographies can be composed from various books cited above, for example references from the Notes of Peter Frankopan’s, The Silk Roads: A New History of the World, and those from Beckwith, Christopher, Empires of the Silk Road, A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present are quite extensive. The cumulative references from all the above listed texts will exceed several thousand publications. The Silk Road is, and always has been a favorite research area for archeologists, historians, linguists, economists, artists, and just about anyone else with even a little imagination.
Silk Road bibliographies of classic texts from several hundred languages could be compiled from the three main language trees, Indo-European languages (e.g. English, Spanish, Russian, Hindi), Sino-Tibetan (with Mandarin as the largest living descendant), and Afro-Asiatic languages (e.g. Arabic), including of course Aramaic, Bactrian, Kalmyk, the extinct Hittite language of Nesa, “Persian” language families (native Iranian Persian speakers call it Farsi), Sanskrit, Turkic languages (including Turkish, Azeri, Uzbek, Uyghur, Turkmen, Tartar, Kyrgyz, Qashqai, Bashkir, Chuvash, Afshar…) and so on… The Turkic language family alone includes some 35 living languages with hundreds of extinct dialects.
Though the short bibliography above is only a tiny fraction of the Silk Road literature out there, I think it’s one of the more useful and entertaining collections.
As my research expands I hope to keep the above bibliography growing. If any readers of this document should know of a particularly excellent Silk Road history, biography of a Silk Road character, or even a good Silk Road novel, please let me know.
G. Brundage
April 10, 2017
Beijing